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Numerical Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs) based on the Error Detection and Correction topic:

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  1. If a data block has 8 bits and a Hamming code with 4 parity bits is used, how many bits will the transmitted data block consist of?
    • A) 8 bits
    • B) 12 bits
    • C) 16 bits
    • D) 20 bits
    • Answer: B) 12 bits
  2. A message is transmitted with a 1-bit parity check. If the original message is 1011011, what will the transmitted message be (assuming even parity)?
    • A) 1011011
    • B) 10110110
    • C) 10110101
    • D) 10111011
    • Answer: B) 10110110
  3. A data transmission has a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) value of 101110 for a 6-bit message. If one bit of the data is corrupted during transmission, what will the CRC check value be when received?
    • A) 101110
    • B) 100111
    • C) 111101
    • D) 000000
    • Answer: D) 000000
  4. In the Hamming code, if the received data block is 1011001, and the parity check positions are 1, 2, 4, and 8, which bit is in error?
    • A) 1st bit
    • B) 2nd bit
    • C) 3rd bit
    • D) 4th bit
    • Answer: B) 2nd bit
  5. Using the Hamming code, how many parity bits are needed for a message that has 12 data bits?
    • A) 3 parity bits
    • B) 4 parity bits
    • C) 5 parity bits
    • D) 6 parity bits
    • Answer: B) 4 parity bits
  6. A sender transmits a 16-bit data block with a 4-bit CRC. If the received message has no errors, what is the total number of bits received?
    • A) 12 bits
    • B) 16 bits
    • C) 20 bits
    • D) 24 bits
    • Answer: C) 20 bits
  7. In a Go-Back-N ARQ system, if a packet of size 1000 bytes is transmitted with a transmission rate of 2 Mbps, what is the transmission time for this packet?
    • A) 4 milliseconds
    • B) 8 milliseconds
    • C) 16 milliseconds
    • D) 200 milliseconds
    • Answer: A) 4 milliseconds
  8. In a system using a 16-bit CRC, what is the maximum length of a data sequence that can be checked for errors?
    • A) 16 bits
    • B) 32 bits
    • C) 64 bits
    • D) Unlimited
    • Answer: D) Unlimited
  9. If a data packet with 512 bits is transmitted over a link with a 10 Mbps bandwidth, how long will it take to transmit the packet?
    • A) 0.05 seconds
    • B) 0.1 seconds
    • C) 0.2 seconds
    • D) 0.25 seconds
    • Answer: A) 0.05 seconds
  10. In the Hamming code, the data bits are 1011 and the number of parity bits required is 3. What will the transmitted code word look like?
    • A) 1011101
    • B) 1011011
    • C) 1111011
    • D) 1101011
    • Answer: B) 1011011
  11. If a data transmission has a 12-bit message and uses a 6-bit parity check, how many total bits are transmitted?
    • A) 12 bits
    • B) 18 bits
    • C) 24 bits
    • D) 30 bits
    • Answer: B) 18 bits
  12. A message has a size of 1500 bytes, and the checksum is calculated by adding up all 16-bit words of the message. If the checksum value is 0xFEFE, what is the checksum value after adding 0x0101 to it?
    • A) 0xFFDF
    • B) 0xFF1F
    • C) 0xFEFF
    • D) 0x01FF
    • Answer: A) 0xFFDF
  13. In the CRC method, if the polynomial divisor is 1011 and the data to be transmitted is 11011001, what will the remainder (CRC value) be?
    • A) 001
    • B) 110
    • C) 111
    • D) 010
    • Answer: D) 010
  14. If the data block being transmitted is 101101101 and the checksum used is the 1’s complement of the sum of the data, what will the checksum value be?
    • A) 01100110
    • B) 11001101
    • C) 10001010
    • D) 11111000
    • Answer: B) 11001101
  15. A message of 2000 bits is transmitted with a 32-bit CRC. How many bits are there in total (message + CRC) when received?
    • A) 2048 bits
    • B) 2024 bits
    • C) 2000 bits
    • D) 1984 bits
    • Answer: A) 2048 bits
  16. If a Hamming code with 7 data bits uses 3 parity bits, what is the total length of the transmitted data block?
    • A) 10 bits
    • B) 7 bits
    • C) 8 bits
    • D) 11 bits
    • Answer: A) 10 bits
  17. In the ARQ mechanism, the receiver receives a packet with the checksum 1101 and the expected checksum 1010. What should the receiver do?
    • A) Accept the packet as valid
    • B) Reject the packet and request retransmission
    • C) Change the checksum and forward the packet
    • D) None of the above
    • Answer: B) Reject the packet and request retransmission
  18. In a Go-Back-N ARQ system, the sender transmits 5 packets, and the receiver detects an error in the 3rd packet. How many packets will need to be retransmitted?
    • A) Only the 3rd packet
    • B) 3 packets
    • C) 5 packets
    • D) 4 packets
    • Answer: C) 5 packets
  19. If a 8-bit message is transmitted with a 4-bit checksum and the receiver detects an error, what action is taken?
    • A) The receiver corrects the error automatically
    • B) The receiver discards the message and requests retransmission
    • C) The receiver passes the message as valid
    • D) The message is re-encoded by the receiver
    • Answer: B) The receiver discards the message and requests retransmission
  20. In the Hamming code, if a received message is 1100111 and the calculated parity bits indicate an error at position 4, what should the corrected message be?
    • A) 1100011
    • B) 1100110
    • C) 1110111
    • D) 1110011
    • Answer: B) 1100110

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