Category: IT

Introduction In database systems, ensuring the reliability and consistency of transactions is crucial. The ACID properties—Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability—are

Introduction In today’s data-driven world, businesses and organizations rely on efficient systems to store, manage, and retrieve data. A Database

Introduction In the digital age, data is one of the most valuable assets for businesses, organizations, and individuals. A database

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol) are both transport layer protocols used to send data over the

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and IP (Internet Protocol) are two fundamental protocols in networking, often mentioned together as TCP/IP, but

UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is a connectionless, unreliable transport layer protocol in the TCP/IP suite. It provides a fast and

Routing loops are a major problem in computer networks, where data packets continuously circulate between routers without reaching their destination.

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is the de facto routing protocol used to route data across the internet and between autonomous